What is a general term associated with the loss of memory and cognitive function?

The term that is generally associated with the loss of memory and cognitive function is dementia. It refers to a broad category of brain diseases that result in a decrease in cognitive function severe enough to interfere with daily life. Dementia encompasses various specific conditions, including Alzheimer's Disease, which is a more specific and common form of dementia characterized by particular patterns of memory loss and cognitive decline.

Coma refers to a state of prolonged unconsciousness and is not associated with a gradual decline in memory and cognitive functions. Parkinson's Disease primarily affects movement and motor skills, although it can also have cognitive implications as it progresses. However, it is not classified under the general term for cognitive decline in the same way that dementia is. Thus, dementia serves as the overarching term that captures the essence of memory and cognitive impairments affecting a significant population.