What is the primary focus of physical therapy treatment for a patient who has had a CVA?

The primary focus of physical therapy treatment for a patient who has had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), commonly known as a stroke, is to prevent contractures and improve range of motion. After a stroke, patients often experience muscle weakness, spasticity, and altered muscle tone, which can lead to immobility and a high risk of developing contractures, where muscles and tendons shorten and stiffen, limiting movement.

Physical therapists employ a variety of techniques, such as passive and active range of motion exercises, stretching, and splinting, to ensure that joints remain mobile and functional. These interventions are crucial in maintaining functional independence, enhancing overall mobility, and preventing complications that arise from prolonged immobility.

In addition, while factors like strength, cardiovascular endurance, and visual perception may also be addressed in a comprehensive rehabilitation program, the immediate priority typically revolves around preserving joint mobility and preventing the physical limitations that arise post-stroke. Thus, enhancing range of motion and preventing contractures plays a pivotal role in the rehabilitation process for individuals recovering from a CVA.